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Ecosystem response to human- and climate-induced environmental stress on an anoxic coastal lagoon (Etoliko, Greece) since 1930 AD (Peer-Reviewed Article) - Detailansicht

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Grunddaten

Titel der Arbeit (title) Ecosystem response to human- and climate-induced environmental stress on an anoxic coastal lagoon (Etoliko, Greece) since 1930 AD
Titel der Zeitschrift bzw. Zeitung Journal of Paleolimnology
Erscheinungsjahr 2015
Verlag (publisher) Springer Science+Business Media
Seitenzahl (pages) 255-270
Band (volume) 2015, Volume 53
Publikationsart Peer-Reviewed Article
Inhalt
Abstract To better constrain the effects of anthropogenic impact on coastal wetlands with respect to natural variability, we here analyze annually laminated sediments from Etoliko lagoon (western Greece, Mediterranean Sea) spanning the last ~80 years. Sub-decadal-scale palynomorph (pollen and dinoflagellate cyst) and seasonal-scale palynomorph (microfacies and μ-XRF) analyses were carried out to investigate the evolution of the aquatic environment and the surrounding terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a robust age model, which was developed using varve counting and 137Cs dating, our results indicate that land-use changes have altered the vegetation dynamics and led to eutrophication of the aquatic environment particularly from the early 1980s onwards. In agreement with instrumental data and reports of fish mass mortality events, our varve composition and high-resolution element scanning data suggest that the ecosystem has been under unprecedented pressure since 1990 AD. In particular, the enhancement of anoxic conditions due to human-induced eutrophication is linked to high accumulation rates of organic matter, an increased presence of bacteria in sediment microfacies, and a decrease in the Fe/Mn ratio in the sediment. In addition, a change in varve type from calcite- to aragonite-dominated in 1983 and a higher Sr concentration during the 1990s indicate an increasingly saline aquatic environment. Comparison with meteorological data suggests that lower precipitation during a persistent positive North Atlantic Oscillation mode along with a gradual increase in mean summer temperature since the 1980s may have enhanced the saline conditions. These findings demonstrate that climate change can intensify the human impact on aquatic ecosystems. In conclusion, our analytical approach provides a valuable tool for evaluating the degree of degradation of Etoliko lagoon and the effectiveness of implemented management plans on the aquatic ecosystem, indicating that the efforts to restore its water circulation have only weakly contributed towards an environmental recovery.

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Beteiligte Personen (intern)

 
 
 
 
Klemt, Eckehard, Professor Dr. rer. nat.  
 
 

Einrichtungen

Bachelorstudiengang Physikalische Technik
Fakultät Technologie und Management
Hochschule Ravensburg-Weingarten
Institut für Angewandte Forschung (IAF)
Masterstudiengang Umwelt- und Verfahrenstechnik
Schwerpunkt Energie und Umwelt (IAF)
Impressum      Erklärung zur Barrierefreiheit